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Koumiss (gashin -baki) - Turkawa. qzmız - madarar Mare.
Abin sha mai giya bisa madarar Mare. Ana samun sa ta hanyar shafawa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar acidophilus da Bulgarian Bacillus da yisti. Abin sha yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai daɗi, farin launi tare da ɗan kumfa a farfajiya. Koumiss, wanda aka yi shi daga nau'ikan al'adun farawa, na iya ƙunsar adadin barasa daban -daban. Abun cikinsa na iya bambanta daga 0.2 zuwa 2.5 vol. Kuma wani lokacin isa 4.5 game. A lokacin da ake shayarwa, sunadaran madara sun kasu kashi -kashi masu sauƙin narkewa, da lactose - cikin lactic acid, carbon dioxide, barasa, da sauran abubuwa.
Tarihin Koumiss
Mare ya bayyana sama da shekaru 5000 bayan kiwon dabbobin da makiyaya suka yi. Balaguron binciken archaeological da aka gudanar a Mongolia, kuma Asiya ta Tsakiya sun bayyana ragowar fata tare da ragowar madarar Mare. Sun ɓoye asirin Koumiss na dogon lokaci, kuma baƙi waɗanda suka koyi fasahar shirya abin sha ba zato ba tsammani sun makance. Kumis shine ruwan sha na mutanen Turkawa. Shahararren Koumiss yana cikin Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, da sauran ƙasashen Asiya.
A halin yanzu, sanannen girke-girke na koumiss sananne ne, kuma mutane suna samar da shi ba kawai a gida ba har ma a masana'antu. Dogaro da duk ƙa'idodin samar da Koumiss, samarwar mai tsada. Sabili da haka, a cikin farashi mai rahusa na abin sha, masana'antun da yawa sun fara amfani da madarar Mare da ta shanu. A sakamakon haka, yana rage ƙimar abin sha sosai.
Kirkirar koumiss ta gargajiya wacce aka danganta da madarar Mare ta ƙunshi matakai da yawa:
- madarar nono na Mare. Saboda ƙaramin madara don yawan noman madara, mutane suna yin madarar ruwa sau 3-6 a rana. Ruwan madara a cikin nonon shanu na ɗaukar sakan 15-20 don tattara dukkan madarar da ke cikin aikin. Don haka zai taimaka idan kuna da hannu mara kyau sosai.
- Mai tsami. Duk madarar da suke zubawa a cikin bene daga itacen Linden kuma saka Mature Mare Starter. Suna zafin ruwan magani zuwa 18-20 ° C kuma suna motsa su tsawon awanni 1-6.
- Fermentation. Yayin hadawa, akwai tsari na yau da kullun na hada lactic acid da giya mai narkewa. A wannan matakin ne ya samar da dukkan abubuwan gina jiki na Mare.
- Maturation. Cakuda da aka samo sun zuba a cikin kwalban gilashin da aka rufe kuma suka bar kwanaki 1-2 a cikin ɗaki mai dumi. A wannan lokacin yana faruwa ne da shan kansa.
Ya danganta da lokacin da ya nuna, madarar Mare ta kasu kashi uku:
- kumys masu rauni (1 kundi.) Shekara ɗaya, yana da ɗan kumfa, ba mai tsami ba, ya fi kamar madara, amma idan ya ɗan tsaya, to sai a hanzarta shiga cikin babban layin ƙasa da ruwa - babba;
- talakawan koumiss (game da 1.75.) Balagagge na kwana biyu. Farfajiyar sa ta samar da kumfa mai dorewa, dandano ya zama mai tsami, gyara harshe, kuma abin sha yana samun daidaito, ingantaccen tsarin emulsion;
- karfi koumiss (3 vol.) Yana tsawan kwana uku kuma yana da siriri sosai kuma ya fi acid tsami fiye da matsakaiciyar koumiss, kumfa kuwa ba ta da ƙarfi.
Fa'idodin Koumiss
Madarar Mare tana ƙunshe da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan gina jiki waɗanda kashi 95% na abubuwan ke iya haɗawa. Ciki har da bitamin (A, E, C, rukunin B), ma'adanai (baƙin ƙarfe, iodine, jan ƙarfe), fats, da ƙwayoyin lactic acid.
Postnikov ya binciki kyawawan fa'idodi na koumiss a cikin 1858. Dangane da ayyukansa na kimiyya, sun buɗe wuraren hutawa kuma sun kafa mahimman hanyoyin magance cututtuka daban-daban tare da koumiss.
An shayar da madarar Mare da abubuwa masu kashe kwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke cutar da aikin tarin fuka, tarin fuka, da ciwon ciki. Kwayoyin lactic acid suna da tasiri sosai ga gabobin gastrointestinal kuma suna haɓaka ɓarkewar ruwan 'ya'yan itace na ciki wanda ke rushe abubuwa masu kitse daga cikin hanji da gallbladder. Ingantaccen aiwatar da maganin koumiss na ulcers na ciki da duodenum a mataki bayan tashin hankali. Kwayoyin cuta daga kumis suna shafar haifuwa da bunƙasa ƙwayoyin cuta da E. coli.
Koumiss Jiyya
Tsarin zuciya. Koumiss yana da kyakkyawan sakamako akan abubuwan da ke cikin jini. Yana ƙara abubuwan cikin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini da ƙwayoyin farin jini waɗanda ke yaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Tsarin juyayi. Mare Koumiss yana da nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali, yana daidaita bacci, yana rage saurin fushi da gajiya mai ciwuwa.
Baya ga jinyar mutane, Koumiss yana da kyau don magance cututtukan narkewar abinci na manyan dabbobi: dawakai, shanu, raƙuma, jakuna, da tumaki.
Dogaro da tsananin cutar da yanayin cutar, shekarun mai haƙuri, akwai hanyoyi na musamman na liyafar kumys, waɗanda a wasu hanyoyi suna kama da amfani da ruwan ma'adinai. Lokacin magani bazai zama ƙasa da kwanaki 20-25 ba.
Hanyoyin amfani da abin sha ya dogara da ayyukan ɓoye na ciki:
- tare da ɓoye na al'ada da na al'ada amfani da madarar Mare ta 500-750 ml a kowace rana (200-250 ml kafin cin abinci ko minti 20-30 kafin cin abinci);
- lokacin rage asirin - madarar Madarar Mare mai yawan ruwan acid 750-1000 a rana (250-300 ml kafin kowane cin abinci mintina 40-60);
- a cikin cututtukan cututtukan ciki na hanji tare da ɓoyewa na yau da kullun - likitoci sun ba da shawarar sha ta ƙananan SIPS mai rauni kumys 125-250 ml sau uku a rana;
- a cikin cututtukan cututtukan ciki na hanji tare da raguwar ɓoyayyen amfani da rauni da matsakaicin Koumiss na 125-250 ml sau uku a rana na mintuna 20-30 kafin cin abinci. Zai taimaka idan kai ma ka sha a hankali a ƙananan SIPS;
- yayin aiki bayan aiki da lokacin gyarawa da cututtuka masu tsanani zaka iya amfani da rauni koumiss 50-100 ml sau uku a rana tsawon awanni 1-1,5 kafin cin abinci.
Lahani na Koumiss da kuma contraindications
Koumiss yana da alaƙa tare da taɓarɓarewar cututtukan ciki da mutane tare da rashin haƙurin mutum ga abin sha da lactose.
