Janar bayanin cutar
Cutar cuta ce da ba a saba ganin irinta ba inda ake lura da matsalolin ɗigon jini.
Iri hemophilia
Hemophilia cuta ce ta kwayoyin halitta inda kwayar halitta ɗaya akan X chromosome ke canzawa. Dangane da wane jinsin ya canza, ana rarrabe wani nau'in cuta dabam. Hemophilia iri uku ne: A, B, C.
- type A - babu furotin na musamman a cikin jini: antihemophilic globulin, factor VIII na coagulation jini. Wannan lahani na halitta yana faruwa a cikin 85% na marasa lafiya kuma ana ɗaukarsa al'ada.
- type B - factor IX ba shi da isasshen aiki, saboda abin da aka katse tsarin samuwar toshe na biyu.
- rubuta C - Haemophilia na wannan nau'in yana faruwa saboda ƙarancin adadin abubuwan coagulation na XI. Nau'in C wani nau'in ne wanda ba kasafai yake faruwa ba, wanda galibi ya shafi yahudawan Ashkenazi. Mata da maza duka na iya yin rashin lafiya da ita. A halin yanzu, an cire wannan nau'in daga rarrabuwa saboda gaskiyar cewa alamomin sa sun sha bamban da iri biyu na farko.
Dalilin cutar
Babban dalilin ci gaban haemophilia ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin gado.
Laifuka suna da wuya ”hemophilia maras kyau". Ta bayyana ba zato ba tsammani, kodayake dangin ba su da wannan cutar a da. Daga baya, wannan nau'in haemophilia ana watsa shi a al'ada - a matakin kwayoyin halitta. Har yanzu kwararrun likitocin ba su gano ainihin dalilan ci gaban cutar ba. Sun yi imani cewa wannan sabon maye gurbi ne.
Yiwuwar gadon haemophilia
Galibin maza suna fama da wannan cuta. Ana kamuwa da cutar zuwa jinsi na maza ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba (wanda ke da alaƙa da X chromosome). Idan dan ya gaji mahaifiyar X - chromosome, baya samun haemophilia. An ba mata matsayin “madugu” ko mai ɗaukar kaya, amma ana iya samun banbanci. Idan mahaifin yana rashin lafiya tare da haemophilia, kuma mahaifiyar mai ɗaukar hoto ce, to irin waɗannan iyayen na iya samun yarinya da ke fama da wannan cutar. Gabaɗaya, an yi rajista game da shari'o'i 60 a cikin duniya inda 'yan mata ke fama da cutar hemophilia, kuma ba masu ɗaukar kaya ba ne.
Akwai bambance -bambancen 3 na watsa cutar haemophilia
- 1 Uwa ita ce mai ɗauke da ƙwayoyin halittar, amma uban mutum ne lafiyayye. A wannan yanayin, ana iya samun sakamako 4, tare da yuwuwar 25%. Sona mai lafiya ko daughterar lafiya, ɗa mara lafiya ko daughterar ɗauke da cutar za a iya haifa.
- 2 Uwa tana da koshin lafiya, mahaifin ba shi da lafiya tare da haemophilia. A cikin wannan yanayin, dukkan yara maza za su kasance cikin koshin lafiya, kuma duk 'ya'ya mata za su zama masu ɗaukar kaya.
- 3 Uwa ita ce mai ɗauke da ƙwayoyin halittar, kuma mahaifin ba shi da lafiya. A cikin wannan bambance -bambancen, ana iya samun sakamako 4: ɗa mai lafiya, 'yar mara lafiya, ɗa mara lafiya, ko' yar ɗauke. Kowane sakamako yana da ƙarfi daidai.
Alamomin hemophilia
A cikin haemophilia, ana lura da zubar jini mai yawa, wanda ke faruwa lokaci -lokaci tare da rarrabuwa daban -daban yayin raunuka daban -daban, hanyoyin likita (musamman allurar intramuscular da ayyukan tiyata), kuma lokacin da aka cire hakora.
Gum ko zubar da hanci suna da wuyar tsayawa. Hakanan, zub da jini ba zato ba tsammani na iya farawa.
Tare da ƙananan raunuka da raunuka, an kafa babban hematoma.
Babban fasalin hemophilia shine zubar jini na jini-hemarthrosis. Lokacin da suka bayyana a cikin haɗin gwiwa, motsi yana da rauni, kumburi yana faruwa. Duk wannan yana tare da ciwo mai tsanani. Bayan irin wannan zubar da jini na farko, jinin dake cikin haɗin gwiwa ya narke da kansa kuma an dawo da aikin haɗin gwiwa. Amma tare da maimaitawa, ƙulle -ƙulle yana fitowa a kan capsule na haɗin gwiwa da guringuntsi, waɗanda aka rufe da kayan haɗin gwiwa. Ankylosis yana tasowa saboda irin waɗannan matakai.
Wani muhimmin alama a cikin haemophilia shine ƙarshen, yanayin jinkirin zubar jini. Zubar jini baya buɗewa nan da nan bayan rauni, amma bayan wani lokaci. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa da farko an dakatar da zubar jini ta hanyar platelet, wanda ba a canza abun da ke ciki. Yana iya ɗaukar daga awanni 6 zuwa 12 kafin buɗe jini - duk ya dogara da tsananin cutar.
Za a iya samun jini a cikin fitsari ko najasa. Alamar da ta fi wahala da kisa na hemophilia shine zubar jini a cikin kashin baya ko kwakwalwa.
Ga yara, hemophilia na iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don haɓakawa. Wannan ya shafi jariran da uwa ta shayar da su. Lallai, a cikin madarar nono akwai wasu abubuwa na musamman waɗanda ke tallafawa ikon jini ya yi ɗimbin yawa. Saboda haka, tsawon lokacin da uwar ke shayar da jariri, daga baya alamun farko za su bayyana.
Sigogi na hemophilia
Dangane da tsananin cutar, an rarrabe nau'ikan 3 na haemophilia.
- RAYUWA m zubar jini na haemophilia yana faruwa ne kawai lokacin tiyata ko bayan rauni mai tsanani. A cikin jini, dalilin coagulation yana cikin adadin 5-25%.
- RAYUWA matsakaici hanya Haemophilia clotting factor a cikin jini yana cikin matakin 1 zuwa 5%. Ana iya gano alamun asibiti na farko tun suna ƙanana. Don wannan nau'in, zubar jini yana da alaƙa da raunin matsakaici, kuma tare da ƙananan raunuka, hematomas mai ƙarfi na faruwa.
- RAYUWA mummunan tsari cututtuka, jinin ya ƙunshi sinadarin coagulation na ƙasa da 1%. A wannan yanayin, haemophilia yana bayyana kansa a cikin farkon watanni na rayuwa - yayin hakora, zubar jini yana buɗewa, kuma a ƙoƙarin farko na tafiya, hematomas mai ƙarfi da girma suna bayyana (yayin rarrafewa, saboda bugun kowane abu ko faduwa).
Sanannun marasa lafiya da masu ɗaukar cutar hawan jini
An dauki Sarauniya Victoria a matsayin mafi shahara mai ɗaukar haemophilia a tarihi. Bugu da ƙari, ba a san abin da ya dace ba game da dalilan da ta sa ta zama haka. Bayan haka, kafin wannan, babu wanda ke cikin wannan rashin lafiya a cikin dangin. Akwai iri biyu.
Na farko ya yarda cewa mahaifinta na iya kasancewa wani mutum ne wanda ya kamu da cutar haemophilia, ba Duke na Kent Edward Augustus ba. Amma babu wata takaddar shaida.
Saboda haka, an gabatar da sigar ta biyu - Victoria tana da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halittar ta. Wato, tana da nau'in “haemophilia”. Kuma bisa ga ƙa'idar da ta saba, ɗanta ya gaji haemophilia-Duke na Albany, Leopold da wasu jikoki da jikoki.
Hemophilia ana ɗauka cutar sarakuna. Anyi bayanin wannan gaskiyar ta hanyar cewa a baya, saboda kare take, an yarda da aure tare da dangi na kusa. Saboda haka, yuwuwar samun yara marasa lafiya a kotu ya karu sosai.
Labari na hemophilia
Akwai tatsuniya cewa mai cutar hemophilia zai iya zubar da jini har ya mutu a ɗan lalacewar fata. Wannan magana ba ta da gaskiya, kuma ga irin waɗannan mutane, ƙanƙara da datti ba sa haifar da haɗarin mutuwa.
Haɗari haɗari ne na tiyata, yana cire haƙora, alluran rigakafi da zubar jini ba zato ba tsammani a cikin tsokoki da jijiyoyin jini, waɗanda ke faruwa saboda raunin bangon jijiyoyin jini a cikin marasa lafiya.
Abincin lafiya ga hemophilia
Tare da haemophilia, babu tsauraran ka'idojin abinci da yakamata a bi.
Don dawo da jini da inganta haɓakar jini, ya zama dole a ci abincin da ke ɗauke da gishirin phosphorus, alli, bitamin A, B, C, D. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine a samar wa jiki adadin bitamin K da ake buƙata. bitamin coagulation (coagulation).
Ana iya samun Vitamin K ta cin alayyafo, letas, albasa, karas, ayaba, tafarnuwa, cucumbers, tumatir, pears, apples, cabbage (musamman broccoli, farin kabeji, farin kabeji), barkono mai zafi, waken soya, gwaiduwa kwai, cuku, man shanu , hatsi, rawanin rago, seleri.
Don inganta yanayin jini, haɓaka haemoglobin, ƙarfafa ganuwar tasoshin jini da ƙananan matakan cholesterol, ya zama dole a haɗa cikin hanta abinci, kifin mai, 'ya'yan itacen citrus, kwayoyi, pomegranate, avocado, beets, ruwan' ya'yan itacen cranberry, zuma , buckwheat porridge, karas, apple da gwoza ruwan…
Ya kamata a sha ruwan gwoza a sha tare da karas ko ruwan apple. Na farko, dole ne a narkar da shi 1 zuwa 1, sannan a hankali a rage rage ruwan sannan a ƙara yawan ruwan gwoza.
Hakanan, zaku iya sha ruwan da aka tsarkake, koren shayi, shayi tare da currants, viburnum ko raspberries, decoup decoction.
Magungunan gargajiya don haemophilia
Don hana zub da jini, marasa lafiya na iya ɗaukar tsaba na innabi, kayan adon tsirrai na dioecious, yarrow, astragalus, sophora na Jafananci, jakar makiyayi, arnica, coriander, hauren mayu, tushen dandelion. Waɗannan tsirrai na magani za su taimaka wajen ƙarfafa bangon jijiyoyin jini, haɓaka haɓakar jini da haɓaka ingancin jini.
Ya kamata ku sha aspirin iyaka da sauran magungunan rage jini, wanda zai iya haifar da zubar jini.
Abinci mai haɗari da cutarwa ga hemophilia
- abinci mai kitse (yana ƙunshe da babban adadin cholesterol, ban da haka, kitse yana toshe shan alli, kuma yana da mahimmanci don daidaita salon salula);
- soyayyen, gishiri, jita -jita (wannan abincin yana ƙunshe da abubuwan da ke canza abun da ke cikin jini ba don mafi kyau ba, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa munanan canje -canje ke faruwa a cikin jiki gaba ɗaya);
- barasa, soda mai daɗi, abubuwan sha na makamashi (suna lalatawa da lalata ƙwayoyin jini, wanda shine dalilin da yasa jini ba zai iya jure ayyukansa ba);
- abinci mai sauri, kitsen kayan zaki, samfuran da aka gama, abinci nan take, adana abincin gwangwani, tsiran alade, biredi da kayan yaji, da abinci tare da ƙari daban-daban na abinci (waɗannan “samfurin” suna samar da mahadi masu nauyi waɗanda ƙwayoyin jini ba za su iya amfani da su don ciyar da jikin ɗan adam ba. , amma su kansu mahadi suna guba jiki tare da waɗannan abubuwa masu cutarwa ballast).
Hankali!
Gwamnati ba ta da alhakin kowane yunƙuri na amfani da bayanin da aka bayar, kuma ba ta da tabbacin cewa ba zai cutar da kai da kanka ba. Ba za a iya amfani da kayan don wajabta magani da yin ganewar asali ba. Koyaushe tuntuɓi likitan ku!