Ciwon sukari mellitus (DM) ɗayan nau'ikan cuta ne na yau da kullun da ke haifar da cututtukan endocrin. Zai iya zama na al'ada ko haɓaka a hankali. A farkon matakan, alamun ba sa bayyana sosai, wanda ke sa wahalar gano cutar. Mutane masu kiba sosai suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na II na II, sabili da haka, maganin rage cin abinci zai zama ɗayan manyan hanyoyin magani a gare su, kuma ga mafi ƙarancin masu kiba masu lafiya, zai zama babbar hanyar rigakafi.
Ka'idojin gina jiki don masu ciwon suga
Theungiyar Ciwon Suga ta Amurka ta tattara wasu ƙa'idodin abinci mai gina jiki da nufin inganta ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin marasa lafiya, wanda hakan zai inganta jin daɗi da kuma rage ci gaban cutar. Jiyya na ciwon sukari yana buƙatar sa ido kan matakan sukarin jini a cikin yini - dole ne ya kasance cikin kewayon al'ada (calorifier). Ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar daidaita abinci mai gina jiki, amma idan mutum ya dage a cikin hyperglycemia, to ana nuna masa maganin insulin. Duk tambayoyin magani ya kamata a warware su kawai tare da likitan da ke halarta kuma ku tuna cewa maganin ƙwayoyi ba ya rage mahimmancin abinci mai kyau.
Ya kamata a kirga yawan amfani da sinadarin kalori bisa bukatun ilimin lissafi (nauyi, tsayi, shekaru) da kuma salon rayuwa. Anan, kamar yadda yake tare da lafiyayyun mutane, gwargwadon ƙarfin ku, yawancin adadin kuzarin da kuke buƙata. Ya kamata a ba da hankali na musamman ga raunin sunadarai, mai da carbohydrates.
Adadin abinci, gami da kayan ciye-ciye, ya zama sau 5-6. Masana ilimin abinci mai gina jiki sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da abinci mai rarraba don guje wa ɗaukar glycemic da spikes a cikin sukarin jini.
carbohydrates
Matsakaicin carbohydrates a cikin abincin marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari ya kasance cikin kewayon 40-60%. Tun da waɗannan mutane sun lalata metabolism, ya zama dole a gina menu bisa ga carbohydrates. An yi imanin cewa masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su guji abinci da abinci mai ƙunshin sukari tare da babban GI, amma masana kimiyya sun gano cewa ko da yawan adadin carbohydrates mafi daidai yana haifar da tsalle cikin matakan sukari, don haka dole ne a sarrafa yawan amfani da su.
Hakanan, masu ilimin abinci mai gina jiki sun ba da shawarar cewa marasa lafiya da ke da ciwon sukari na kowane nau'in su mai da hankali kan ma'aunin glycemic yayin zabar samfuran. Yana da mahimmanci cewa jimlar adadin carbohydrates a kowace rana koyaushe yana dawwama ba tare da rushewar abinci ba.
Don wannan, masu samar da abinci sun fara amfani da manufar "naúrar gurasa" (XE)-ma'auni daidai da gram 12-15 na carbohydrates masu narkewa. Wato, ba 12-15 g na samfurin ba, amma carbohydrates a ciki. Zai iya zama gurasa 25 g, biskit 5-6, 18 g na oatmeal, 65 g dankali ko matsakaicin apple 1. An gano cewa 12-15 g na carbohydrates suna haɓaka matakin sukari da 2,8 mmol / l, wanda ke buƙatar raka'a 2. insulin. Yawan "raka'a gurasa" a cikin abinci ɗaya yakamata ya kasance cikin kewayon daga 3 zuwa 5. Teburin XE zai taimaka wajen rarrabe abinci kuma kada ya wuce adadin da ake buƙata na carbohydrates.
fats
Jimlar adadin yau da kullun na mai ya kamata ya kasance cikin 50 g. A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, ya zama dole don iyakance kitsen mai daga nama (rago, naman alade, duck). Don hana atherosclerosis, ya kamata ku kuma iyakance abinci mai yawan cholesterol (hanta, kwakwalwa, zuciya). Gabaɗaya, rabon mai a cikin abincin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari yakamata ya zama sama da 30% na duk adadin kuzari. Daga cikin waɗannan, 10% dole ne ya zama cikakken mai daga kayan dabba, 10% polyunsaturated da 10% mai monounsaturated.
sunadaran
Adadin yawan sunadaran yau da kullun a cikin abincin masu ciwon sukari shine 15-20% na yawan abincin kalori. A cikin cutar koda, ya kamata a iyakance furotin. Wasu nau'ikan mutane suna buƙatar karin abinci mai gina jiki. Waɗannan yara ne da matasa waɗanda ke fama da ciwon sukari, mata masu ciki da masu shayarwa, mutanen da ke da matsaloli da masu gajiya a jiki. A gare su, ana lasafta bukatun dangane da 1,5-2 g da kilogram na nauyin jiki.
Sauran kayan haɗin wutar
Abubuwan buƙatun don sauran kayan abinci sune kamar haka:
- Fiber yana daidaita sukarin jini, yana inganta narkewar abinci, yana kuma rage shan cholesterol. Bukatun mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari a cikin fiber na abinci sun fi girma kuma sun kai kimanin 40 g / rana;
- Abin zaki shine kyakkyawan madadin sukari kuma yana taimakawa hana zafin cikin glucose na jini. Binciken zamani ya tabbatar da cewa mafi yawancin abubuwan zaƙi masu ƙarancin kalori ba su da illa idan aka cinye su a cikin abin da masana'anta suka tsara;
- Gishiri ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon 10-12 g / rana;
- Bukatun ruwa sune lita 1,5 a kowace rana;
- Za a iya rama bitamin da ma'adanai ta hanyar hadaddun shirye -shiryen multivitamin, amma lokacin tattara abinci, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa an samar da mahimman abubuwan abinci. A cikin abincin mai ciwon sukari, waɗannan galibi sune zinc, jan ƙarfe da manganese, waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin daidaita matakan sukari.
Ga mutanen da har yanzu basu da daidaiton ra'ayi game da sunadarai, mai da carbohydrates, raka'a burodi da sauran kayan abinci, zaku iya farawa da lambar abinci na likita 9. Yana la'akari da ainihin buƙatun mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari mellitus. Kafin wannan, kana buƙatar tuntuɓar likitanka kuma ka daidaita abincinka zuwa buƙatunka na ilimin lissafi (calorizator). Bayan lokaci, zaku fahimci abinci kuma ku sami damar fadada abincinku lafiya.