Cercis (m): hoto da bayanin shrub, iri, yadda yake fure, haifuwa

Hoto da bayanin itacen cercis sun cancanci kulawa da hankali. Al'adar ba ta sanya tsauraran buƙatun kulawa ba, amma yana buƙatar kulawa daga mai lambu.

Bayanin ciyawar cercis tare da hoto

Cercis, itacen Yahuda ko Crimson (Cercis) tsiro ne na dangin legume. Ƙananan rassan suna da santsi, kodadde ja ko launin ruwan zaitun, a cikin tsofaffin harbe da haushi yana da baki, an rufe shi da ƙananan fasa. Tsayin bishiyar cercis yana kan matsakaicin 10-18 m. Ganyen ba su da yawa, tare da jijiyoyi na taimako, na launin kore mai duhu. Suna da gefen santsi, a kan rassan da suke a kan petioles a cikin tsari na gaba.

Tsawon rayuwa na cercis shine shekaru 50-70

Al'adar ba ta da fari, tana son hasken rana. Girman girma na cercis yana da ƙananan ƙananan - a cikin shekaru 4-5, bishiyar ta tashi kawai har zuwa 1,5 m sama da ƙasa. Al'adun furanni na farko yana faruwa a cikin shekara ta biyar ta rayuwa. A cikin yanayi, bishiyar yawanci tana sauka a kan ƙasa mai duwatsu.

Inda cercis ke girma

A cikin yanayin dabi'a, fure mai launin shuɗi yana rarraba kusan ko'ina cikin duniya. Wasu nau'ikan al'adu suna girma a Arewacin Amurka da Mexico, wasu kuma ana samun su a Tsakiya da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya. Kuna iya ganin bishiyar a Turkmenistan da China, da kuma a cikin Caucasus.

Lokacin flowering Cercis

Itacen yana fure a cikin bazara, buds akan harbensa suna bayyana tun kafin ganyen ya yi fure. Itacen yana samar da karrarawa masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda biyar, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin ƙananan bunch ko goge. Lokacin yin ado yana ɗaukar kusan wata ɗaya kuma yana ƙarewa a daidai lokacin da ganyen bishiyar suka buɗe.

Ana cin 'ya'yan itacen cercis?

A ƙarshen lokacin kayan ado, bishiyar purple tana ba da 'ya'yan itace - manyan kwasfa har zuwa 10 cm tsayi. Kowannen su yana ƙunshe da wake mai walƙiya mai siffa mai siffa a cikin adadin guda 4-7.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su da darajar sinadirai. Al'adu yana da daraja musamman don kayan ado na kayan ado, da kuma karfi, kyakkyawan itace.

Winter hardiness na cercis

Masu nuna juriya na sanyi na cercis sun dogara da iri-iri. Wasu tsire-tsire suna iya jure yanayin zafi ƙasa da -30 ° C tare da ƙaramin tsari. Wasu suna fama da sanyi sosai kuma an yi niyya don girma a wurare masu zafi inda yanayin sanyi ba ya faɗi ƙasa -15 ° C.

Kaddarorin magani da amfani da cercis

Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da cercis sun ambaci kaddarorin fa'ida masu yawa na shuka. Ana amfani da albarkatun ƙasa a cikin magungunan jama'a, tare da yin amfani da ruwan hoda mai kyau:

• yana inganta saurin warkar da raunuka;
• yana inganta yanayin tarin fuka;
• yana kawar da sputum daga fili na numfashi tare da mashako da mura;
• yana da tasirin anti-mai kumburi da antibacterial;
• gaba ɗaya yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi;
• yana inganta narkewa kuma yana ƙarfafa tafiyar matakai na rayuwa;
• yana ƙara ƙarfi kuma yana dawo da tanadin makamashi.

Ana amfani da ganye, haushi da furanni na bishiyar lilac cercis don shirya decoctions na ruwa, infusions da tinctures na giya. Tare da matsakaicin amfani, irin waɗannan kudade suna kawo babban amfani ga jiki da inganta lafiya.

Bambanci tsakanin cercis da sakura

Cercis da sakura sunyi kama sosai a bayyanar yayin lokacin furanni. Duk da haka, bishiyoyin suna cikin iyalai daban-daban. Idan Crimson na cikin legumes ne, to, a ƙarƙashin sunan sakura suna haɗuwa da amfanin gona na plum da finely cherries.

Dukan tsire-tsire suna yin fure sosai tun kafin ganyen ya yi fure a farkon bazara. A lokaci guda, zaku iya bambanta su da juna ta 'ya'yan itatuwa. Ba kamar cercis ba, sakura ba ya samar da kwasfa, amma ƙananan berries tare da babban kashi a tsakiya da m, ɓangaren litattafan almara.

Nau'i da nau'in cercis

Hotunan cercis na furanni sun nuna cewa ana samun bishiyar a cikin nau'ikan iri da yawa. Kuna iya lissafa wasu shahararrun tsire-tsire a tsakanin masu lambu.

Turai (Cercis siliquatsrum)

Crimson kayan ado yana halin thermophilicity, dace da yankunan kudancin. Yana kawo furanni masu ruwan hoda masu wadata a farkon bazara, yana da kambi mai yaduwa.

Tsayin cercis na Turai yawanci baya wuce mita 10

Kanad (Cercis canadensis)

Shahararren iri-iri mai jure sanyi na Crimson yana girma har zuwa m 12. Koren ganye suna zama rawaya mai haske a cikin kaka. Furanni ƙanana ne, kodan ruwan hoda.

Jafan Kanada yana fure daga baya fiye da sauran nau'ikan kuma yana kammala fure kawai a farkon lokacin rani

Sinanci (Cercis chinensis)

Tsawon Crimson ya kai mita 15 sama da ƙasa. Yana da manyan ganye masu siffar zuciya, suna fure a watan Mayu. Furannin ruwan hoda-purple na bishiyar suna samar da manyan gungu na lush akan rassan.

Itacen Crimson na kasar Sin baya jure sanyi da kyau kuma baya samun tushe a Siberiya da Urals.

Western (Cercis occidentalis)

nau'in jure sanyi yana da kambi mai yaduwa sosai. Yana girma a matsakaici har zuwa 12 m, yana fure a ƙarshen bazara. Buds na bishiyar suna da ja-ruwan hoda, an tattara su a cikin goge mai kauri, ganyen suna da wadataccen kore.

Jafan Yamma ya dace da dasa shuki a tsakiyar layi

Griffithia (Cercis griffithi)

Cercis na wannan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i)) shrub shrub mai girma har zuwa 4 m sama da ƙasa. Yana da ganyaye koren duhu masu launin fata da kuma mai tushe na itace. Ya yi fure tare da buds mai ruwan hoda-ruwan hoda, sun haɗu a cikin inflorescences na guda 5-7.

Kuna iya shuka cercis na Griffith a cikin yankunan kudu kawai.

Кистистый (Cercis racemosa)

Cercis ya fi son girma a cikin rana da wurare masu dumi. Ganyen bishiyar suna da duhu kore a lokacin rani kuma suna yin rawaya mai zurfi a cikin kaka. Racemose inflorescences suna bayyana a tsakiyar bazara, sun ƙunshi furanni masu launin shuɗi da yawa.

Crimson racemosus ana samunsa ta halitta ne kawai a tsakiyar China.

Почковидный (Cercis reniformis)

Crimson mai ƙauna mai zafi ya kai mita 10 a sama da ƙasa, yana iya zama ko dai itace mai mahimmanci ko babban shrub. Ganyen kore na shuka sune m, buds suna da ruwan hoda mai zurfi, ana gudanar da su akan gajerun pedicels. Ana tattara furanni a cikin ƙananan goga masu faɗuwa.

Tsawon inflorescences a cikin cercis mai siffar koda zai iya zama cm 10

Dasa da kula da cercis a cikin fili

Dasa cercis akan shafin yana da sauqi qwarai. Don shuka, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin rana ko ɗan ƙaramin inuwa tare da ƙasa mai kyau. Ƙasa dole ne ya zama alkaline a cikin abun da ke ciki, dole ne a fara dasa shi da kyau.

Shirin dashen bishiya shine kamar haka.

1. A wurin da aka zaɓa, suna haƙa rami sau biyu girman tushen.
2. Ana zuba magudanar ruwa a cikin ƙasan hutun, kuma an shimfiɗa ƙasa mai albarka a samansa tare da ƙara yashi da humus.
3. Saita seedling a tsakiyar rami kuma daidaita tushen zuwa tarnaƙi.
4. Rufe shuka da ƙasa kuma a shayar da shi da yawa da ruwan zafi.

Don dasa shuki, ana bada shawara don zaɓar cercis wanda bai girmi shekara ɗaya ba. Ko da yake bishiyar tana girma a hankali, saiwoyinsa na girma da sauri. Lokacin dasawa ɗan girma seedling, haɗarin lalata tsarin ciyarwa yana ƙaruwa.

Kula da cercis a cikin lambun yana da sauƙi, kuna buƙatar kula da manyan matakan agrotechnical:

1. Shayarwa. Itacen yana buƙatar danshi mai yawa kawai a cikin shekaru 2-3 na farko bayan dasa shuki a matakin haɓaka mai aiki. Ana shayar da shukar manya ne kawai a lokacin fari mai tsawo.
2. Babban sutura. A farkon bazara, ana amfani da takin gargajiya a cikin ƙasa - jiko na mullein ko zubar da tsuntsaye. A tsakiyar watan Yuni, ana ciyar da cercis tare da ma'adanai tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen, kuma a watan Agusta - tare da shirye-shiryen potassium da phosphorus.
3. Yankewa. Don Crimson, ana yin aski mai tsafta kowace shekara. A cikin tsari, an cire duk marasa lafiya da kuma karye, da kuma rassan da aka karkace. A cikin bazara, zaku iya sake datsa don cire harbe da dusar ƙanƙara da sanyi suka shafa. Ana yin aski na ado kowane shekaru 2-3 don ba da kambi siffar da ake so.

Cercis a cikin yankin Moscow tare da farkon kaka ya kamata a rufe shi da kayan halitta ko busassun foliage a cikin da'irar kusa-kusa, kuma bayan isowar yanayin sanyi, rufe bishiyar tare da rassan spruce. A cikin yankunan kudancin, yawanci ba lallai ba ne don rufe akwati, ya isa ya ciyawa ƙasa.

Yadda ake yada cercis

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yada cercis a cikin lambun. Mafi sau da yawa, itacen ana shuka shi ta hanyar yankan ko sassan tushen, amma kuma ana ba da izinin amfani da hanyar iri.

Girma cercis daga tsaba

Don shuka cercis daga tsaba, dole ne ku fara shirya wake don dasa. Fatar su tana da yawa sosai, don haka kuna buƙatar zuba ruwan zãfi akan kayan kuma ku jiƙa shi cikin ruwan dumi na sa'o'i da yawa.

Ana bada shawara don shuka wake nan da nan a cikin bude ƙasa a ƙarshen kaka. Ba lallai ba ne don riga-kafin ƙasa, in ba haka ba Crimson na iya tsiro kafin lokaci. Bayan dasa shuki, ana yayyafa gadon tare da ƙaramin peat ko busassun ganye, kuma an rufe shi da rassan spruce a saman.

Irin cercis masu son zafi ba sa tsiro a yanayin zafi ƙasa -5 ° C, don haka yawanci ba a shuka su a cikin ƙasa ba.

Yada cercis ta hanyar yankan

Wajibi ne a yanke cercis a tsakiyar kaka. An yanke harbe mai ƙarfi mai shekaru 2-3 daga shuka mai girma, aƙalla buds biyu dole ne su kasance a kan reshe. Ana kula da kututture tare da mai kara kuzari kuma nan da nan an ƙara shi cikin ƙasa buɗe a kusurwa. Kuna buƙatar zurfafa gudun hijira ta hanyar 10-15 cm.

Tare da yankan lokaci, cercis yana da lokacin yin tushe kafin farkon sanyi. Don lokacin hunturu, yana buƙatar a rufe shi bisa ga daidaitaccen tsari - don jefa busassun ganye da rassan spruce a saman.

ƙasansu akwai waɗansu inuwõwi

Kuna iya dasa cercis kusa da gidan tare da taimakon tushen harbe. Wajibi ne a raba mai lafiya da karfi, amma m Layer Layer daga itace mai girma, sa'an nan kuma canja wurin shi zuwa wani sabon wuri.

Yawancin lokaci ana yin aikin a farkon bazara kafin ciyayi masu aiki. Yadudduka suna yin tushe da sauri kuma a tsakiyar lokacin rani suna da tushe sosai a cikin ƙasa.

Cututtuka da kwari

Crimson, idan ya girma yadda ya kamata, da wuya ya sha wahala daga fungi da parasites. Amma wani hatsari gare shi shi ne:

• aphids - ƙananan kwari suna cin abinci a kan ruwan 'ya'yan itace na ganyen bishiyar kuma suna barin sutura mai laushi a kan faranti;
  
  

  Aphids suna haifar da yellowing na purple ganye da raunana shuka

• tushen rot - tare da ruwa na yau da kullun, Crimson ya daina girma, ya fara sauke faranti, sannan ya mutu.
  
  

  Tushen ruɓe yana tsokanar da ruwan sama mai yawa da yawan shayarwa.

Lokacin da aphids suka bayyana akan ganyen shuka, ya zama dole a fesa tare da maganin kwari ko ruwan sabulu na yau da kullun. Daga fungi, ana amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux da jan karfe sulfate, an yanke duk sassan bishiyar da abin ya shafa.

Me yasa cercis ba ya fure

Bishiyar Crimson yana shahara saboda tasirin kayan ado. Amma wani lokacin cercis yana fure ba tare da son rai ba bayan dasa shuki ko ya ƙi ɗaure buds kwata-kwata.

Idan mulufi bai yi fure ba, wannan yawanci saboda dalilai da yawa:

• tushen rot;
• ƙasa mara kyau;
• rashin haske;
• rashin isasshen ruwa.

A mafi yawan lokuta, tare da dasa shuki mara nasara, Crimson ba kawai ya ɗaure buds ba, amma gabaɗaya baya girma da kyau. Don gyara halin da ake ciki, ya zama dole don daidaita tsananin ban ruwa, gabatar da hadadden suturar saman da yin jiyya da cututtukan fungal.

Idan flowering bai faru ba saboda rashin haske, yana da wuya a magance matsalar. Amma yana yiwuwa a gudanar da wani sanitary pruning ga purple da kuma yadda za a bakin ciki fitar da kambi.

Hoton cercis a cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri

A cikin gidan rani, ana dasa shunayya sau da yawa a matsayin tsutsotsi, don haka itacen fure ya jawo hankalin mafi girma. Dole ne a tuna cewa babban cercis yana buƙatar sarari kyauta mai yawa. Ba za a iya dasa itace kusa da gida ko shinge ba; ba zai samu ci gaba cikin 'yanci ba.

Ana amfani da nau'in cercis na shrub don ƙirƙirar shinge

Yana yiwuwa a shirya jalun a wani nisa daga conifers. Hasken kore mai haske zai jaddada kyawun bishiyar fure, yayin da tsire-tsire ba za su tsoma baki tare da ƙaramin sarari ba. An yarda da shuka ornamental annuals da perennials a cikin kusa da ganga da'irar da m itace.

Kammalawa

Hoto da bayanin itacen cercis suna wakiltar kyakkyawan shuka tare da furen farkon bazara. Kula da al'adu yana da sauƙi, amma dole ne a biya kulawa ta musamman don shirya don hunturu.

Sharhin Bishiyar Cercis