Shafin taro na jiki

Labarin ya tattauna:

  • Classic jiki taro index
  • Manuniya na dogaro da jerin kayan jikin tare da matsalolin abincin
  • Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa a cikin ma'aunin ma'aunin nauyi
  • Factorsarin abubuwan haɗarin kiwon lafiya (high cholesterol) waɗanda aka annabta ta ƙididdigar yawan ma'aunin jiki
  • Abubuwan da ke tattare da haɗarin lafiya ba su da alaƙa da ƙididdigar yawan jiki
  • Bincike na farko game da buƙatar rasa nauyi ta ma'aunin jiki

Classic jiki taro index

Shafin taro na jiki - mafi yawan alamun da ke nuna rabon mutum da tsayi. A karo na farko, Adolphe Quetelet (Belgium) ya gabatar da wannan alamar a tsakiyar karni na 19 don tabbatar da rarrabuwa da nau'ikan nau'ikan jikin mutum ba tare da jinsin mutum ba. Yanzu ga wannan alamar akwai dangantaka ta kud da kud tare da wasu cututtukan da ke da haɗari ga lafiya (ciki har da kansar, shanyewar jiki, bugun zuciya, high cholesterol ko wasu rikice-rikice na maye gurbin lipid, da dai sauransu).

Makirci don lissafin ma'aunin nauyi na jiki: nauyin mutum a kilogram an raba shi da murabba'in tsayinsa a mitoci - wannan makircin ba ya samar da cikakken ƙididdiga ga 'yan wasa da tsofaffi. Naúrar aunawa - kg / m2.

Dangane da ƙimar da aka ƙididdige, an yanke shawarar cewa akwai matsalolin abinci mai gina jiki.

Manuniya na dogaro da jerin kayan jikin tare da matsalolin abincin

A halin yanzu, gabaɗaya an yarda cewa rashi mai zuwa na matsalolin abinci mai gina jiki ya dogara ne da ƙididdigar ƙididdigar yawan adadin jikin. Ana la'akari da ƙididdigar yawan jakar jikin mutum.

BMI darajar Matsalolin abinci
to 15Massarancin rashi mai yawa (yiwuwar anorexia)
daga 15 to 18,5Nauyin jiki bai isa ba
daga 18,5 zuwa 25 (27)Nauyin jiki na al'ada
daga 25 (27) zuwa 30Nauyin jiki sama da na al'ada
daga 30 to 35Digiri na farko
daga 35 to 40Digiri na biyu
karin 40Kiba na digiri na uku

Valuesimomin da ke cikin iyayen yara sun bambanta da waɗanda ake yarda da su a halin yanzu kuma sun dogara ne da sabon binciken abinci mai gina jiki. Duba al'ada: a waje da ƙimar BMI 18,5 - 25 kg / mXNUMX2 yawan adadin cututtukan haɗari yana ƙaruwa sosai idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar makwabta. Amma karuwa a cikin jerin alamomin jiki zuwa ƙimomin 25 - 27 kg / m2 yana haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin tsawon rai, idan aka kwatanta da mutanen da nauyinsu na al'ada yake (bisa ga tsarin ƙididdiga classic jiki taro index). A wasu kalmomin, an ƙara girman iyakar yawan adadin jikin mutum (ga maza) da kashi 8 bisa ɗari dangane da yadda aka yarda da shi gabaɗaya.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa a cikin ma'aunin ma'aunin nauyi

Kodayake yawan jimillar jiki alama ce ta abin dogara ga cutuka da dama (bayyananniyar alamar cuta a cikin kayan abinci), wannan mai nuna alama ba koyaushe yake bayar da sakamako daidai ba.

Akwai aƙalla ƙungiyoyi biyu na mutane waɗanda yawancin bayanan jiki ba koyaushe ke ba da sakamako daidai ba (ana buƙatar ƙarin hanyoyin ƙididdiga don auna ma'aunin asalin).

  • Athwararrun letesan wasa - Rarraba tsoka da tsokar nama ta rikice ta hanyar horo.
  • Tsofaffi (tsofaffin shekaru, mafi girman kuskuren aunawa) - daga shekara 40, yawan tsoka yana raguwa da kimanin kashi 5-7% kowane shekara 10 dangane da matsakaicinsa a shekaru 25-30 (saboda haka, ƙwayar adipose tana ƙaruwa ).

Factorsarin abubuwan haɗarin kiwon lafiya (high cholesterol) waɗanda aka annabta ta ƙididdigar yawan ma'aunin jiki

Baya ga kasancewar wani mataki na kiba, waɗannan abubuwan na haifar da barazana ga lafiya (gami da ƙimomin 25-27 kg / m2 classic Ƙididdigar jiki).

  • Hawan jini (hauhawar jini).
  • Maɗaukakin LDL (Lipoprotein Low Density) cholesterol - shine tushen toshewar jijiyoyin jini ta hanyar alamun atherosclerotic - “mummunan cholesterol”.
  • HDananan cholesterol na HDL (Lipoprotein High Density - high density lipoprotein - “kyakkyawan cholesterol”).
  • Inara yawan triglycerides (ƙwayoyin tsaka tsaki) - da kansu, ba su da alaƙa da cututtukan zuciya. Amma manyan matakan su babban LDL cholesterol da kuma rage HDL cholesterolKuma matakan triglyceride masu yawa sakamakon kai tsaye ne na rashin isasshen motsa jiki (ko yin kiba).
  • Hawan jini mai yawa (yana haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin triglycerides kuma, sakamakon haka, raguwar cholesterol na HDL da ƙaruwa a cholesterol na LDL).
  • Levelananan matakin motsa jiki (ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru na farko da na biyu dangane da motsa jiki) - yana haifar da ƙaruwa cikin triglycerides, sannan ƙananan cholesterol HDL da ƙara LDL cholesterol.
  • Hawan jini mai yawa (yana haifar da triglycerides ya tashi).
  • Shan sigari (gabaɗaya, shan sigari yana haifar da ƙuntataccen sashin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke haɓaka tasirin babban LDL cholesterol da rage HDL cholesterol). Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin mintuna 5-10 (dangane da nau'in sigari) bayan sigarin da aka sha, tasoshin suna faɗaɗa, kuma suna ƙara ƙuntatawa sosai, dangane da matsakaicin matakin.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da haɗarin lafiya ba su da alaƙa da ƙididdigar yawan jiki

Abubuwan da ke ƙasa ba su da alaƙa kai tsaye da jimlar nauyin jiki, amma a kaikaice suna shafar (alal misali, nau'in jikin yana ƙaddara asali ne kuma a zahiri ba za a iya daidaita shi ba).

  • Akwai lokuta na cututtukan zuciya a cikin danginku.
  • Ga mata, da'irar kugu ta fi 89 cm.
  • Ga maza, da'irar kugu ta fi 102 cm.

Bincike na farko game da buƙatar rasa nauyi ta ma'aunin jiki

Bukatar rage nauyi ba shakka ba ce ga mutanen da ke da lissafin nauyin jiki wanda aka lasafta a cikin lissafin zaɓin abinci don ƙimar nauyi:

  • mafi girma ko daidai da 30 kg / m2.
  • daga kewayon 27-30 kg / m2 a gaban abubuwa biyu ko fiye masu haɗari (an gabatar da su a sama), kai tsaye ko a kaikaice waɗanda ke da alaƙa da nauyin jiki.

Koda karamin asarar nauyi (har zuwa 10% na nauyinka na yanzu) zai rage haɗarin cututtukan da ke haɗuwa da nauyi mai yawa (yawan cututtukan daji, bugun zuciya, shanyewar jiki, babban LDL cholesterol, cututtukan metabolism na lipid, ciwon sukari, rage HDL cholesterol, hauhawar jini da sauransu).

Dangi da kewayon nauyin ma'aunin jiki 25-27 kg / m2 Ba tare da cikakken ƙididdigar lafiyar ku ba, ba shi yiwuwa ku ba da tabbatacciyar amsa, koda kuwa kuna da dalilai biyu ko haɗari. Ana buƙatar yin shawarwari tare da likitanka. Zai iya zama mafi amfani a gare ka ka tsaya a nauyin da kake a yanzu (rage nauyi zai cutar da kai), koda kuwa akwai ƙaruwar ƙimomin yayin ƙididdige BMI na yau da kullun (musamman dangane da binciken da aka yi kwanan nan). Ba za a iya bayyana shi kawai ba tare da shakka ba cewa yana da kyawawa don hana ƙaruwa.

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