Kwanan nan, editan mujallar mai sheki ya nemi in yi tsokaci kan batun abubuwan sha a tsarin salon rayuwa mai kyau, kuma wannan buƙatar ta sa na buga labarin kan abubuwan sha. Ga yawancin mu, ruwan inabi ko abin sha mai ƙarfi shine muhimmin sashi na hanyar rayuwa))) Bari mu tantance adadin su da lafiya da abin da masana kimiyya masu iko ke tunani akan wannan batun.
Shan giya a cikin matsakaici na iya zama da fa'ida ga lafiyar ku, amma illolin barasa galibi ana haifar da su ta hanyar haɗarin haɗari, don haka idan ba ku sha yana da kyau kada ku fara, kuma idan kuna sha, rage adadin! Waɗannan su ne jigon labarin da Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard ta buga kuma bisa ɗimbin karatu. Karanta ƙarin fa'idodi da haɗarin shan giya a ƙasa.
Hanyoyin amfani da giya
Da farko dai, da yake magana game da fa'idar amfani da giya, marubutan labarin sun yi gargaɗi: muna magana ne matsakaiciyar shan giya… Menene “matsakaicin amfani”? Akwai bayanai daban -daban akan wannan ci. Amma kwanan nan, masana kimiyya sun yarda cewa adadin yau da kullun bai kamata ya wuce adadin giya ɗaya ko biyu ga maza ba kuma ɗaya ga mata. Servingaya daga cikin hidima shine 12 zuwa 14 milliliters na barasa (wannan shine kimanin mililiters 350 na giya, milliliters na giya 150, ko milili 45 na wuski).
Fiye da karatuttukan karatu masu zuwa dari sun nuna hanyar haɗi tsakanin matsakaiciyar shan giya da raguwar kashi 25-40% a cikin haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya (ciwon zuciya, bugun zuciya, cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, da sauransu). Ana ganin wannan ƙungiyar a cikin maza da mata waɗanda ko dai ba su da tarihin cututtukan zuciya, ko kuma suna da haɗarin kamuwa da zuciya da bugun jini, ko kuma fama da cututtukan zuciya (haɗe da ciwon sukari na II da cutar hawan jini). Hakanan fa'idodin suna faɗuwa ga tsofaffi.
Gaskiyar ita ce, matsakaiciyar giya tana ɗaga babban lipoprotein (HDL, ko “good” cholesterol), wanda kuma yake karewa daga cututtukan zuciya. Bugu da kari, matsakaitan allurai na inganta daskarewar jini, wanda ke hana samuwar kananan daskararren jini, wato, su, ta hanyar toshe jijiyoyin zuciya, wuya da kwakwalwa, galibi suna haifar da bugun zuciya da shanyewar jiki.
A cikin mutanen da ke shan giya matsakaici, an sami wasu canje-canje masu kyau: ƙwarewar insulin ta ƙaru, kuma gallstones da nau'in II na ciwon sukari ba su da yawa kamar na waɗanda ba su sha ba.
Mafi mahimmanci ba shine cewa kun sha kuma asDrinks Shaye-shaye bakwai a daren Asabar kuma kasancewa cikin nutsuwa sauran mako bai zama daidai da abin sha ɗaya a rana ba. Shan barasa akalla kwana uku ko hudu a mako yana da alaƙa da rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.
Hadarin shan barasa
Abin takaici, ba kowa bane ke da ikon daidaita kan barasa guda ɗaya. Kuma yawan amfani da shi yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi a jiki. Da alama a gare ni cewa ba shi da ma'ana a lissafa sakamakon maye, duk mun san game da su, amma duk da haka: yana iya haifar da kumburin hanta (hepatitis giya) kuma yana haifar da tabon hanta (cirrhosis) - cutar mai saurin mutuwa ; yana iya tayar da hawan jini da lalata tsokar zuciya (cardiomyopathy). Akwai kwararan hujjoji da ke nuna cewa barasa yana da alaƙa da haɓaka cututtukan daji na ramin baki, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, colon da dubura.
A wani bincike da ya hada da mata sama da 320, sun gano cewa shan giya biyu ko fiye a rana na kara yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar sankarar mama da kashi 40%. Wannan ba yana nufin cewa kashi 40% na matan da ke shan abin sha biyu a rana ko sama da haka za su kamu da cutar sankarar mama. Amma a cikin rukunin shan giya, adadin masu kamuwa da cutar sankarar mama sun tashi daga matsakaicin Amurka na goma sha uku zuwa goma sha bakwai ga kowane mata XNUMX.
Abubuwan da yawa da aka lura sun nuna cewa mai yiwuwa giya zai iya taimakawa ga ci gaban ciwon hanta da kuma ciwon sankarau ga mata. Masu shan sigari suna cikin haɗarin haɗari.
Koda amfani da matsakaiciyar giya yana ɗaukar haɗari: rikicewar bacci, hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi masu haɗari (gami da paracetamol, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, pain reliever and sedatives), dogaro da giya, musamman ga mutanen da ke da tarihin shaye-shaye.
Kwayar halittar jini tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jarabar mutum da shan giya da kuma shaye shaye. Misali, kwayoyin halitta na iya yin tasiri kan yadda barasa ke shafar tsarin jijiyoyin zuciya. Ofaya daga cikin enzymes wanda ke taimakawa maye gurbin barasa (barasa dehydrogenase) ya wanzu ne ta siffofi biyu: na farko yana lalata giya da sauri, ɗayan yana yi a hankali. Masu matsakaiciyar shan giya tare da kwafi biyu na “jinkirin” kwayar halitta suna da haɗarin haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da yawa fiye da masu shan matsakaicin matsakaici tare da kwayoyin halitta biyu don saurin enzyme. Zai yuwu cewa enzyme mai saurin aiki ya lalata giya kafin ya sami sakamako mai amfani akan HDL da abubuwan da ke tattare da jini.
Kuma wani mummunan tasirin giya: yana toshe shan folic acid. Ana buƙatar folic acid (bitamin B) don gina DNA, don daidaitaccen sel. Folarin folic acid ƙarin zai iya kawar da wannan tasirin barasa. Don haka, microgram 600 na wannan bitamin yana hana tasirin shan giya matsakaici akan haɗarin ɓarkewar cutar sankarar mama.
Yaya za a daidaita haɗari da fa'idodi?
Barasa yana shafar jiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban kuma ya dogara da halayen mutum na musamman, saboda haka babu wasu shawarwari na gaba ɗaya. Misali, idan kai siriri ne, mai saurin motsa jiki, kar ka sha sigari, ka ci abinci mai kyau, kuma ba ka da tarihin iyali na cutar zuciya, yawan shan giya ba zai kara yawan abin da ke cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya ba.
Idan baku sha giya kwata-kwata, babu buƙatar farawa. Kuna iya samun fa'idodi iri ɗaya ta motsa jiki da kuma cin abinci mai kyau.
Idan baku taɓa kasancewa mai shaye shaye ba kuma kuna da matsakaiciyar haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya, shan giya daya a rana na iya rage wannan haɗarin. Ga matan da suke cikin irin wannan halin, yi la’akari da cewa giya na ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mama.